Reference Materials

• Reference materials prepared by the HKOI Organizing Committee
• Past Paper of HKOI
• Pascal Compiler and Programming Guides
• C/C++ Compiler and Programming Guides
• Data Structures & Algorithms Websites
• Reference Books

Reference materials prepared by the HKOI Organizing Committee

The HKOI Organizing Committee has prepared some explanatory notes on algorithms commonly used in software competitions. Schools and students in Hong Kong are welcome to use them as reference for teaching and learning. These are taken from the draft version of the published book distributed a few years ago. Errors and omissions are expected. Comments and suggestions are welcome.

• Sorting
• Data Processing
• String Manipulations
• Text Graphics
• High Precision Arithmetic
• Recursion
• Searching
• Depth-First-Search (DFS)
• Breadth-First-Search (BFS)

Past Paper of HKOI

Heat Event

Note: The suggested solutions are prepared by individual HKOI trainers. They are for reference only and should not be considered as the official answer.

Final Event

Pascal Compiler and Programming Guides

• Free Pascal - This is the compiler suite used in HKOI and many other programming competitions.
• GNU Pascal - An alternative Pascal compiler under the GNU project.
• Lazarus IDE - A popular Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Free Pascal.

C/C++ Compiler and Programming Guides

• GNU Compiler Collection Homepage - GCC is an open source compiler for many languages including C and C++.
• Dev-C++ - A popular IDE for C/C++ language.
• Standard Template Library (STL) Programmer's Guide - A reference for the STL of C++

Data Structures & Algorithms Websites

• Handbook of Algorithms and Data Structures
• A Stony Brook Algorithm Repository
• Algorithms course materials in U of Aberdeen
• Data Structures notes by Simon Gemmill
• Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures
• Sorting and Searching Algorithms
• Graph Theory Tutorials
• Graph Theory Lessons

Reference Books

• Suggested books at IOI homepage
• Brian W. Kernighan, Rob Pike, The Practice of Programming, Addison-Wesley, 1999
• Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, and Ronald L. Rivest, Introduction to Algorithms, The MIT Press / McGraw-Hill, 1990
• Gilles Brassard and Paul Bratley, Fundamentals of Algorithmics, Prentice-Hall, 1996.
• Patrick Henry Winston, Artificial Intelligence, Addison-Wesley, 1992
• Donald E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 1: Fundamental Algorithms, 3rd edition, Addison-Wesley, 1997.
• Donald E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 2: Semi-Numerical Algorithms, 3rd edition, Addison-Wesley, 1997.
• Donald E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 3: Sorting and Searching, 2nd edition, Addison-Wesley, 1998.